Ibyumba bikonjesha imbuto bifasha mu kubungabunga ubuziranenge bw'igihe kirekire

Ibyumba bikonjesha imbuto birinda imbuto nshya mu gihe cyo kuzibika no kuzitwara. Amasoko menshi n'imirima ikoresha ubu buryo kugira ngo imbuto zigume zifite umutekano igihe kirekire. Ahantu hahamye hagabanya kwera no kugabanya igihombo. Imbuto nyinshi ziguma mu buryo bwiza iyo ubushyuhe bugumye hagati ya 0°C na 10°C. Ubushuhe buri hagati ya 85% na 95% nabwo burafasha. Ibyumba bikonjesha imbuto bigezweho bitanga ubushyuhe bukomeye, ubushobozi bukomeye bwo gukonjesha, no kugenzura neza. Ubu buryo butanga pome, amapera, imizabibu, imbuto, n'imbuto nyinshi zo mu turere dushyuha. Icyumba gikonje cyongera ubushyuhe ku kigero cya hafi 40% ugereranije n'aho gifungirwa.

Abantu b'ingenzi mu byumba bikonjesha by'imbuto

Imbutoibyumba bikonjeKwibanda ku bushyuhe buhamye, ubushuhe bukwiye, n'umwuka mwiza utembera. Ibi bintu bitatu bifasha kumara igihe kirekire. Ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe rigira ingaruka mbi ku bwiza bw'imbuto mu gihe kitarenze isaha imwe. Kugabanuka k'ubushuhe nabyo bigabanya uburemere bw'imbuto. Abakoresha benshi bashyiraho ubushuhe kuri 90% ku ikoreshwa rya buri munsi. Umuvuduko w'umwuka ukunze kuguma hafi ya 1.5 m / s kugira ngo urinde imbuto zoroshye.

Imbuto zitandukanye zikenera imiterere itandukanye. Pome ziguma ari nshya kuri 0°C. Inzabibu zikunda 1°C. Imbuto za citrus zikenera 3°C kugeza kuri 7°C. Imyembe ikenera 10°C kugira ngo wirinde gukonja. Uru rutonde rugaragaza impamvu icyumba gikonje kigomba gutanga uburyo bukomeye bwo kugenzura.

Ikoreshwa ry'ingufu naryo ni ingenzi. Icyumba gikonjesha cy'imbuto gifite metero 20 gikunze gukenera ingufu zo gukonjesha zingana na 1.5 kW. Icyumba gifite metero 100 gishobora gukenera 5 kW. Gushyiramo ubushyuhe bukwiye bigabanya uyu mutwaro. Inzugi nziza kandi zirinda umwuka ushyushye kwinjira. Icyumba gikonje kigomba kwirinda ubushyuhe bwo hanze buturuka ku nkuta no ku nzugi.

Umutekano nawo ni ingenzi. Iyi sisitemu irimo imburira ziburira iyo ubushyuhe burenze 1°C. Abakoresha benshi bongeramo ibikoresho bya CO₂ kuko imbuto zihumeka mu gihe cyo kubika. Iyi nzira yongera urugero rwa CO₂ mu cyumba. Guhumeka neza birinda abakozi n'imbuto. Izi nyuguti zikora ahantu hagenzurwa neza bigatuma imbuto zigumana umutekano mu gihe kirekire.

Ibisabwa mu byumba bikonjesha imbuto

Kugenzura ubushyuhe ni byo bigize umutima w'icyumba cyose gikonjesha cy'imbuto. Buri mbuto ihura n'ubukonje mu buryo butandukanye. Abayikoresha bagomba kumenya urwego rukwiye mbere yo kuyipakira. Pome zigumana umutekano kuri 0°C mu gihe kirenga iminsi 120. Amapera agumana ubuziranenge mu minsi 90 kuri 1°C. Inzabibu zibikwa neza kuri 1°C ariko zikenera umwuka mwiza cyane. Imineke ikenera 13°C kugeza 14°C. Ubushyuhe ubwo aribwo bwose buri munsi ya 12°C bwangiza imiterere y'imineke. Imbuto nk'inkeri na blueberries zikenera umwuka ukonje hafi ya 0°C kugira ngo zikomeze gukomera.

Imbonerahamwe yoroshye ifasha abakora imirimo yo gucunga akazi ka buri munsi. Amatsinda y'imbuto asanzwe agabanywamo ibice bitatu. Agace ka mbere kari hagati ya 0°C na 2°C. Agace ka kabiri kari hagati ya 3°C na 7°C. Naho agace ka gatatu kari hagati ya 8°C na 13°C. Ibyumba byinshi bikonjesha bikoreramo ibice bibiri icyarimwe. Imbuga nini ishobora gukoresha ibyumba bitatu by'amatsinda y'imbuto atandukanye.

Ibikoresho bipima ubushyuhe bigenzura imiterere yabyo buri masegonda 30. Sisitemu nyinshi zishyira nibura ibikoresho bine mu cyumba cya metero 100. Ibi bikoresho bigenzura imyanya yo hejuru, hasi, imbere, n'inyuma. Iyi miterere ifasha ko ibintu bihinduka mu cyumba cyose. Iyo umutwaro uhindutse, sisitemu ihindura umuvuduko wa compressor. Iyi mikorere ikomeza guhindura ubushyuhe muri dogere selisiyusi 1.

Gukonjesha vuba birinda imbuto nyuma yo gusarura. Benshi mu bahinga imbuto zikonjesha kuva kuri 25°C kugeza kuri 5°C mu masaha atatu. Uku kugabanuka vuba bigabanya guhumeka hafi 60%. Iyi gahunda igabanya kwangirika no kugumana uburyohe bukomeye. Ubushyuhe bukwiye bugabanya kandi kugabanuka kw'ibiro bitewe n'amazi ahumeka.

Ibyuma bikonjesha by’imbuto bifite ubushyuhe

Ibyuma bikonjebigira imiterere nyamukuru. Bigenzura urujya n'uruza rw'ubushyuhe kandi bikagabanya ingufu. Ibyumba byinshi bikonjesha imbuto bikoresha polyurethane (PU) cyangwa polyisocyanurate (PIR). Ibyuma bya PU akenshi bigira ubushyuhe bwa 0.022 W/m·K. Ibyuma bya PIR bikora neza gato kuri 0.020 W/m·K. Ubunini busanzwe bw'ibyuma buri hagati ya mm 100 na mm 150. Ibyuma bya PIR bya mm 150 bigabanya ubushyuhe hafi 15% ugereranije n'ibyuma bya PU bya mm 100.

Udupapuro duhuzwa n'udupfundikizo twa cam-lock. Udupfundikizo dutuma habaho udupfundikizo duto tutagira icyuho. Udupfundikizo dukomeye dutuma umwuka ushyushye utagera hanze n'umwuka ukonje imbere. Ibi byongera kuzigama ingufu ku manywa. Abakora akazi benshi bahitamo impapuro z'icyuma za 0.5 mm ku buso bw'udupfundikizo. Imishinga minini ishobora gukoresha impapuro za 0.6 mm kugira ngo irusheho kurwanya ingaruka.

Udupapuro kandi turwanya ubushuhe. Uduce tw’imbere twa PU twinjiza amazi ari munsi ya 2% nyuma yo kubikwamo igihe kirekire. Ibi birinda ubushyuhe mu gihe cy’imyaka myinshi yo gukoreshwa. Udupapuro twiza kandi turwanya bagiteri n’ibihumyo. Ubuso bworoshye butuma isukurwa vuba hakoreshejwe ibikoresho byoroshye.

Icyumba gikonjesha imbuto kirimo ibisenge n'ibisenge byo hasi. Igikoresho cyo hasi gikunze gukoresha ubuso budashobora kunyerera. Hari uburyo bwo kongeramo icyuma gikonjesha munsi y'ubutaka kugira ngo hakorwe amapaleti aremereye. Icyumba gito gishobora gukoresha ibiro 1.000 by'uburemere bw'ibice byose. Icyumba giciriritse gishobora gukoresha ibiro birenga 3.000. Ubushyuhe bukomeye bugabanya umutwaro wo gukonjesha kandi bukarinda imbuto zibitswe.

Sisitemu yo gukonjesha

Igikoresho cyo gukonjesha gitanga umwuka ukonje urinda imbuto. Gikubiyemo compressor, condenser, fan, n'ibice byo kugenzura. Icyumba gikonjesha cy'imbuto gifite metero 20 gishobora gukoresha compressor ya 1.5 HP. Icyumba gifite metero 100 gishobora gukoresha compressor ya 5 HP. Sisitemu nyinshi zikoresha R404A cyangwa R448A. Izi firigo zitanga imikorere ihamye.

Igice cy'imashini ikoresha umwuka ushyushye kiba kiri imbere mu cyumba. Gikwirakwiza umwuka ukonje ku buryo bungana. Ibyumba binini bishobora gushyiraho imashini ebyiri zikoresha umwuka ushyushye kugira ngo umwuka ugere ku rugero rwiza. Inyinshi muri zo zikoresha amafeni atwara umwuka kuri metero 1.5/s. Ibi birinda imbuto zoroshye umuyaga mwinshi.

Iyi mashini igenzura imigendekere y'amazi mu gihe cy'igihe kirekire. Amazi menshi agabanya umuvuduko wo gukonjesha hafi 30%. Sisitemu nyinshi zitangira gukonjesha buri masaha atandatu. Iyi migendekere imara iminota 10 kugeza kuri 15. Amashanyarazi meza asubiza umwuka vuba nyuma ya buri migendekere.

Imiyoboro y'amazi ikura amazi mu cyuma gikonjesha. Icyumba gikonje gishobora gusohora litiro 2 ku munsi mu bihe by'izuba. Mu bihe by'imvura bishobora gutuma habaho litiro zigera kuri 6 ku munsi. Gushyira amazi mu kirere neza birinda gukonja.

Iyi mashini igabanya umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi kandi ihindura ingufu. Imashini nyinshi zigezweho zikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya inverter. Iyi porogaramu igabanya umuvuduko w'ingufu kugeza kuri 18%. Sisitemu igabanya umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi mu gihe cyoroheje kandi ikihuta mu gihe cy'imizigo iremereye. Gukonjesha neza bituma imbuto ziguma ari nshya igihe kirekire.

Ibyumba bikonjesha imbuto bitanga inyungu zigaragara ku mirima, amasoko, n'ibigo bitunganya. Iyi sisitemu igenzura ubushyuhe, ubushuhe, n'umwuka utembera neza cyane. Ubushyuhe bukomeye bugabanya igihombo cy'ingufu kandi burinda imbuto zibitswe. Sisitemu yo gukonjesha ihindura ingufu kugira ngo ihuze n'imizigo ya buri munsi. Inzugi, amatara, amashelufu, n'amatara bifasha mu mikorere myiza. Gucunga neza byongera ubushyuhe bw'imbuto hafi 40% ugereranije n'ububiko busanzwe. Buri gice kigira uruhare mu gutuma imbuto ziguma mu buryo burambye mu gihe kirekire. Icyumba cyiza gikonjesha imbuto cyongera igihe cyo kuzibika, kigabanya imyanda, kandi kikongera agaciro k'ibicuruzwa.